The field of ESG ratings is in a phase of rapid growth—it is estimated that there are 150 different ESG data providers in the market, and these figures are expected to grow. The estimated scale of ESG-related assets under management (AUM) is predicted to reach US$53 trillion by 2025, equivalent to a third of all global investments.

Pittsburgh’s goal: a zero-carbon budget. An ambitious plan adopted in 2018 with objectives like 100 percent renewable energy by 2030, a fossil-free fleet and zero-waste. There are several ways a city can slice its budget. One is incremental budgeting, wherein the previous year’s budget provides the baseline for the next. Priority-based budgeting maps every dollar a city spends to a specific program.

On the Manhattanville campus, the architecture of Diller Scofidio + Renfro reinforces a social movement in business education to do good as well as make money. The design of the campus coincided with business schools around the country coming to terms with rising criticism that companies are too predatory, exploitative and monopolistic, and that business education had to change.